Turkey is a country located in both Europe and Asia, with the majority of its landmass in Asia. It is bordered by eight countries: Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest, Georgia to the northeast, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east, Iraq and Syria to the southeast. To the south, Turkey is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea, to the west by the Aegean Sea, and to the north by the Black Sea. The capital city of Turkey is Ankara, while Istanbul is the largest city and the cultural and economic centre of the country.

The time zone in Turkey is Eastern European Time (EET), which is 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+2). During daylight saving time, Turkey observes Eastern European Summer Time (EEST), which is 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+3). The country switches to daylight saving time on the last Sunday in March and back to standard time on the last Sunday in October.

The weather in Turkey varies depending on the region and the season.

In general, the coastal regions of Turkey have a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. The Aegean and Mediterranean coasts have long, sunny summers with temperatures averaging between 25-30°C (77-86°F) and mild winters with temperatures averaging between 9-15°C (48-59°F). The Black Sea coast has a temperate climate with high rainfall and mild temperatures throughout the year.

Inland regions of Turkey have a continental climate with hot summers and cold winters. The central plateau has hot summers with temperatures averaging between 30-35°C (86-95°F) and cold winters with temperatures averaging between -5 to 5°C (23-41°F).

The best time to visit Turkey is during the spring (April to May) and autumn (September to November) when temperatures are mild and the crowds are smaller. The summer months (June to August) can be very hot and crowded, while winter (December to February) can be cold and rainy, especially in the coastal regions.

The official language of Turkey is Turkish, which is spoken by the majority of the population. Turkish is a member of the Turkic language family and is written using the Latin alphabet.

In addition to Turkish, there are also several minority languages spoken in Turkey, including Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, and Greek. Many people in the tourist industry and larger cities also speak English, and it is common to find signs and menus in English in popular tourist areas.

English is not the official language of Turkey, but it is widely spoken in tourist areas, larger cities, and in the business world. Many people in the tourism industry, such as hotel staff, tour guides, and restaurant workers, speak English fluently.

However, outside of these areas, English proficiency may be more limited, especially in rural areas. It can be helpful to have some basic Turkish phrases and vocabulary when traveling to Turkey, especially if you plan to venture off the beaten path.

Yes, most tourists need a visa to visit Turkey. However, citizens of some countries are exempt from visa requirements or can obtain a visa on arrival.

Citizens of countries that are eligible for the e-Visa program can apply online for a visa before their trip. The e-Visa is a single-entry visa that allows visitors to stay in Turkey for up to 90 days within a 180-day period.

Some countries are exempt from visa requirements and can stay in Turkey for up to 90 days without a visa. These countries include the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and most European countries.

It is always best to check the latest visa requirements for your country before traveling to Turkey. You can find more information on the official website of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs or by contacting the nearest Turkish embassy or consulate.

The majority of the population in Turkey is Muslim, with around 99% of the population practicing Islam. The majority of Muslims in Turkey are Sunni, but there is also a significant minority of Alevi Muslims.

However, Turkey is a secular state, which means that the government is separate from religion and that there is no official state religion. The Turkish constitution guarantees freedom of religion and belief, and there are also small communities of Christians, Jews, and other religious groups in Turkey.

Tourists can use the health system in Turkey. Turkey has a public healthcare system that provides free or low-cost healthcare to Turkish citizens and residents, but tourists can also access healthcare services in Turkey.

There are many private hospitals and clinics in Turkey that offer high-quality medical services to both locals and tourists. These private hospitals and clinics usually have English-speaking staff and are equipped with modern medical facilities and technology.

It is recommended that tourists purchase travel health insurance before traveling to Turkey to cover any medical expenses or emergencies that may arise during their trip. Some travel insurance policies also provide coverage for medical evacuation or repatriation in case of a serious medical emergency.

Turkey issues travel warnings and advisories to its citizens and foreign visitors when there are safety and security concerns in the country. These warnings could be related to natural disasters, political instability, terrorism, or other security issues.

Foreign governments, including the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, also issue travel advisories for their citizens traveling to Turkey. These advisories may recommend avoiding certain areas or taking extra precautions while traveling in Turkey.

It is always recommended that travellers check the latest travel advisories before planning a trip to Turkey. The official website of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs is a good source of information on travel warnings and advisories for foreign visitors.

The official currency of Turkey is the Turkish lira (TRY). The lira is divided into 100 Kurush. Banknotes are available in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 lira, while coins are available in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 Kurush, as well as 1 lira.

Most businesses in Turkey, especially those that cater to tourists, accept major credit cards such as Visa and Mastercard. However, it is always a good idea to carry some cash while traveling in Turkey, especially if you plan to visit more rural areas or local markets.

There are many ATMs throughout Turkey, and most of them accept international bank cards. It is also possible to exchange foreign currency at banks, exchange offices, and some hotels in Turkey, but it is recommended to compare exchange rates before exchanging money.

In Spain you can change money in Exchange Bureau’s, Since Covid many banks do not like to change money because they only focussed on their existing customers.

Yes, you can pay by credit card in Turkey. Major credit cards such as Visa, Mastercard, and American Express are widely accepted in Turkey, especially in tourist areas, hotels, restaurants, and shops.

However, it is always a good idea to carry some cash while traveling in Turkey, especially if you plan to visit more rural areas or local markets. Some smaller establishments, such as small shops or street vendors, may not accept credit cards.

When paying by credit card in Turkey, you may be asked to show your ID or passport, especially for larger purchases. Some establishments may also have a minimum purchase amount for credit card transactions.

It is important to notify your bank or credit card company before traveling to Turkey to avoid any issues with your card being blocked due to suspicious activity. You should also be aware of any foreign transaction fees or currency conversion fees that may apply when using your credit card in Turkey.

The opening hours of shops in Turkey may vary depending on the location, type of establishment, and the season. However, in general, the opening hours of shops in Turkey are as follows:

– Most shops, including supermarkets, shopping malls, and department stores, are open seven days a week from 10:00 am to 10:00 pm or later. Some shops may close earlier on Sundays.

– Small shops and local markets usually open earlier, around 8:00 am or 9:00 am, and close around 7:00 pm or 8:00 pm. However, some shops may close for a few hours in the afternoon for a lunch break, especially in smaller towns and villages.

– Banks in Turkey are usually open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm on weekdays, and some may also be open on Saturdays until noon.

– Museums and historical sites in Turkey may have different opening hours, but they are usually open from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm or 6:00 pm.

It is worth noting that during religious holidays and special occasions, such as Ramadan or Eid al-Fitr, the opening hours of shops in Turkey may be different. It is always a good idea to check the opening hours of the specific shop or establishment you plan to visit before going.

Turkey has a rich culinary tradition that reflects its diverse history and culture. Some of the most popular and delicious local foods in Turkey include:

1. Kebabs: Turkey is famous for its various types of kebabs, such as shish kebab, Adana kebab, and doner kebab. They are typically made with grilled meat, vegetables, and spices, and served with rice or bread.
2. Meze: Meze is a selection of small dishes, like Spanish tapas, that are served as appetizers or snacks. They usually include a variety of dips, salads, and grilled vegetables, as well as seafood and meat dishes.
3. Borek: Borek is a savoury pastry made with layers of phyllo dough filled with cheese, meat, or vegetables. It is a popular breakfast food in Turkey and can be found in bakeries and cafes.
4. Lahmacun: Also known as Turkish pizza, lahmacun is a thin, crispy flatbread topped with minced meat, vegetables, and herbs. It is often served with a squeeze of lemon juice and rolled up like a wrap.
5. Baklava: Baklava is a sweet pastry made with layers of phyllo dough filled with chopped nuts and sweet syrup. It is a popular dessert in Turkey and can be found in most bakeries and sweet shops.
6. Turkish Delight: Also known as lokum, Turkish Delight is a sweet, chewy candy made with starch, sugar, and flavourings such as rosewater or pistachios. It comes in a variety of flavours and is often served with tea or coffee.

These are just a few examples of the delicious local foods you can try in Turkey. Turkish cuisine is diverse and flavourful, and there are many more dishes to discover.

Turkey is a country with a rich history and culture, and there are many unmissable things to do and experience. Here are some of the top things to do in Turkey:

1. Visit Istanbul: Istanbul is a city that straddles Europe and Asia and is home to stunning architecture, including the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque. You can also explore the Grand Bazaar, take a cruise on the Bosphorus, and enjoy the local cuisine.
2. Pamukkale: Pamukkale is a natural wonder in western Turkey that features a series of terraced pools filled with mineral-rich water. You can walk along the pools and enjoy the stunning views.
3. Turkish baths: Turkish baths, also known as hammams, are a traditional way to relax and rejuvenate. You can enjoy a steam bath, massage, and other treatments at a hammam.
4. Try Turkish cuisine: Turkish cuisine is diverse and delicious, with dishes such as kebabs, meze, and baklava. Be sure to try some of the local specialties while you’re in Turkey.
5. Go to a traditional Turkish music and dance show: Turkish music and dance are an important part of the country’s culture. You can attend a traditional show featuring live music, dance, and costumes.

These are just a few of the many things to do and experience in Turkey. With its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture, there is something for everyone in this beautiful country.

Turkey is a country with a rich history and diverse landscapes, offering a wide variety of places to visit. Here are some of the top places to go in Turkey:

1. Cappadocia: Cappadocia is a region in central Turkey known for its unique landscape of fairy chimneys and cave dwellings. Visitors can take hot air balloon rides, explore underground cities, and hike through the valleys.
2. Ephesus: Ephesus is an ancient city in western Turkey that was once a major center of trade and culture. Visitors can explore the ruins of the city, including the Library of Celsus and the Great Theatre.
3. Antalya: Antalya is a popular coastal city on the Mediterranean Sea known for its beaches, historic sites, and natural beauty. Visitors can explore the old town, visit the Antalya Museum, and take a boat tour along the coast.
4. Bodrum: Bodrum is a popular resort town on the Aegean Sea known for its beaches, nightlife, and historic castle. Visitors can explore the town’s marina, visit the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology, and enjoy the local cuisine.
5. Mount Nemrut: Mount Nemrut is a mountain in south eastern Turkey known for its ancient statues and monuments. Visitors can hike to the top of the mountain and explore the ruins of the ancient kingdom of Commagene.

These are just a few of the many places to go in Turkey. With its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture, there is something for everyone in this beautiful country.

Turkey is a country with a rich culture and history, and it is important to be aware of local customs and etiquette. Here are some do’s and don’ts to keep in mind when visiting Turkey:

Do’s:

1. Dress modestly: Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country, and it is important to dress modestly, especially when visiting mosques and other religious sites.
2. Remove your shoes: When entering a mosque or someone’s home, it is customary to remove your shoes.
3. Use your right hand: In Turkey, it is customary to use your right hand for eating, shaking hands, and other social interactions.
4. Greet people with “Merhaba”: “Merhaba” is the Turkish word for “hello,” and it is a polite way to greet people.
5. Try the local cuisine: Turkish cuisine is diverse and delicious, and it is important to try some of the local specialties while you’re in Turkey.

Don’ts:

1. Show public displays of affection: Public displays of affection are not common in Turkey and may be considered inappropriate.
2. Point with your finger: In Turkey, it is considered impolite to point with your finger. Instead, use your hand or nod your head to indicate something.
3. Drink alcohol in public: While alcohol is legal in Turkey, it is not common to drink in public places or on the street.
4. Wear shoes inside a mosque: Shoes are not allowed inside mosques, and it is important to remove them before entering.
5. Discuss sensitive political or religious topics: Turkey has a complex political and religious landscape, and it is best to avoid discussing sensitive topics unless you are with people you know well.

These are just a few examples of the customs and etiquette to keep in mind when visiting Turkey. By being respectful and aware of local customs, you can have a more enjoyable and meaningful experience in this beautiful country.

In Turkey, there are several public holidays throughout the year that are observed as bank holidays. These holidays are determined by the Turkish government and are usually based on cultural or religious significance.

In total, there are 14 bank holidays in Turkey. These include:

1. New Year’s Day (January 1)
2. National Sovereignty and Children’s Day (April 23)
3. Labor and Solidarity Day (May 1)
4. Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day (May 19)
5. Ramadan Feast (Eid al-Fitr) (3 days)
6. Democracy and National Unity Day (July 15)
7. Sacrifice Feast (Eid al-Adha) (4 days)
8. Victory Day (August 30)
9. Republic Day (October 29)
10. Islamic New Year (1 day)
11. Ashura Day (1 day)
12. Birth of Prophet Muhammad (1 day)
13. Good Friday (1 day)
14. Easter Sunday (1 day)

It’s important to note that some businesses may choose to remain open on these public holidays, particularly those in the tourism industry. However, banks and government offices are typically closed on these days.

It is possible to hire a car in Turkey, and there are many car rental agencies available at airports, train stations, and major cities. However, it’s important to note that driving in Turkey can be challenging due to the country’s narrow roads, heavy traffic, and different driving customs. It’s recommended that you have an international driver’s license and comprehensive insurance if you plan to rent a car.

Alternatively, there are several other transportation options available in Turkey, including:

1. Buses: Buses are a popular and affordable way to travel around Turkey, with many companies offering routes to destinations throughout the country.
2. Trains: Turkey has an extensive rail network that connects major cities and towns. The trains are comfortable and offer scenic views of the countryside.
3. Dolmus: Dolmus is a shared taxi service that operates in many towns and cities in Turkey. They are a cheap and convenient way to get around, but they can be crowded.
4. Metro and tram: Istanbul and Ankara have modern metro and tram systems that are efficient and easy to use.
5. Taxis: Taxis are widely available in Turkey, and they are a convenient way to get around, particularly in cities. However, it’s important to ensure that the meter is used and that the fare is agreed upon before starting the journey.
6. Domestic flights: Turkey has several domestic airlines that offer flights to destinations throughout the country. This can be a convenient way to travel long distances quickly.

Overall, there are many transportation options available in Turkey, and the best option will depend on your travel plans and preferences.

We always advise travellers to consider booking their travel before arrival because it is normally easier to get a better deal and all the details are sorted out in advance.

The capital of Turkey is Ankara, and there are several transportation options available for tourists to explore the city. Here are some of the best options:

1. Metro: Ankara has a modern and efficient metro system that connects many of the city’s major attractions. The metro is clean, safe, and affordable, and it’s a great way to avoid traffic congestion.
2. Buses: Ankara also has an extensive bus network that covers most parts of the city. The buses are cheap and frequent, but they can be crowded during rush hour.
3. Taxis: Taxis are widely available in Ankara, and they are a convenient way to get around, particularly if you’re traveling in a group. However, it’s important to ensure that the meter is used and that the fare is agreed upon before starting the journey.
4. Dolmus: Dolmus is a shared taxi service that operates in many towns and cities in Turkey, including Ankara. They are a cheap and convenient way to get around, but they can be crowded.
5. Walking: Ankara is a relatively compact city, and many of its attractions are located within walking distance of each other. Walking is a great way to explore the city at your own pace and discover hidden gems along the way.

Overall, the best transport option for tourists in Ankara will depend on your travel plans and preferences. The metro is a great option for avoiding traffic, while buses are cheap and frequent. Taxis and dolmus are convenient for short journeys or traveling in a group, while walking is a great way to explore the city’s many attractions.

One fun fact about Turkey is that it is the only country in the world that is located on two continents – Europe and Asia. The city of Istanbul, which is the largest city in Turkey, is located on both continents, with the Bosphorus Strait dividing the city into two parts. This unique geographical location has made Turkey a cultural crossroads throughout history, with influences from both Europe and Asia shaping the country’s art, architecture, and cuisine.

An amazing fact about Turkey is that it is home to the world’s oldest known human settlement. The ancient city of Çatalhöyük, located in central Turkey, was inhabited from approximately 7500 BCE to 5700 BCE, making it one of the earliest known human settlements. The city was discovered in the 1950s and has since been extensively excavated by archaeologists, revealing a wealth of information about the daily life, culture, and beliefs of the people who lived there. The site is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts visitors from around the world who come to marvel at this ancient wonder.

Here are some best tips for visitors to Turkey:

1. Respect local customs and traditions: Turkey is a predominantly Muslim country, and visitors should be respectful of local customs and traditions. This includes dressing modestly when visiting mosques or other religious sites and avoiding public displays of affection.
2. Learn basic Turkish phrases: Knowing a few basic Turkish phrases can go a long way in making connections with locals and getting around the country. Learn phrases like “hello” (merhaba), “thank you” (teşekkür ederim), and “how much?” (ne kadar?).
3. Be prepared for the weather: Turkey has a varied climate, with hot summers and cold winters. Be sure to check the weather forecast before you go and pack accordingly.
4. Try the local cuisine: Turkish cuisine is renowned for its delicious flavours and unique dishes. Be sure to try local specialties like kebabs, baklava, and Turkish delight.
5. Be mindful of scams: As with any tourist destination, there are some scams to be aware of in Turkey. Be cautious of people offering unsolicited help or trying to sell you something, and always negotiate prices before making a purchase.
6. Carry cash: While credit cards are widely accepted in major cities, it’s always a good idea to carry some cash with you for smaller purchases or in case of emergencies.
7. Haggle at markets: Bargaining is a common practice at markets and bazaars in Turkey. Don’t be afraid to haggle for a better price but be respectful and polite in your negotiations.
8. Visit off-the-beaten-path destinations: While Istanbul and other major cities are popular tourist destinations, Turkey has many hidden gems waiting to be discovered. Consider visiting lesser-known destinations like Cappadocia, Ephesus, or the Turquoise Coast for a unique and unforgettable experience.

Overall, Turkey is a welcoming and hospitable country, and visitors can have a wonderful time by being respectful, open-minded, and adventurous.